Forms of Address

I don't think there is much agreement between styles of address. Some are used more regularly in written form rather than in conversation and much would depend on the character of the individual. Titles have also varied both historically and from country to country. I can provide the Catholic titles which I think were in use in most of Western Europe in 1700, but I don't have a clue about all the different titles Protestants invented.

If it simplifies things, Deacons would be referred to as Reverend although the modern fashion is for Deacons to be referred to as plain Mr.
Priests would be referred to as Father.

A Monsignor is merely a priest who has held a particular post in Rome at some point during his career. The official Reverend Monsignor is a bit of a mouthful, so it is more usual to refer to them as My Lord

The titles due to members of religious orders are very confusing as it depends on the structure of the order. The head of a religious order (for women) would be Mother Superior or Reverend Mother irrespective of her being a Prioress or Abbess. Within a monastic house, the monks would be referred to as Brother or Father if ordained. The Abbot would be referred to as Right Reverend Abbot xyz or more usually My Lord. His deputy, the Prior, would be referred to as The Very Reverend Prior xyz

Bishops and Archbishops are also confusing because it depends on the origins of their See which may have additional forms of address. As a general rule, Bishops would be referred to as Right Reverend or My Lord; Archbishops would be referred to as Most Reverend or Your Grace.

Cardinals are easy: they are referred to as His Eminence. However, it should be remembered that the rank of Cardinal does not necessarily mean its holder has been ordained. It is an honorary rank which in 1700 was open to laymen in minor orders, so there were lay Cardinals, Cardinal-Deacons, Cardinal-Priests, a Cardinal-King (Henry I of Portugal), even secret Cardinals (in pectore) whose identity is known only to the Pope (not even the cardinal may be aware that he has that rank). So there is still plenty of scope to get it wrong. Although some bishops have tried to make members of their own staff Cardinals, only the Pope has that authority and it is usual now for Cardinals to be Deacons, Priests or Bishops.

Of course there are separate titles for those sent by Rome in a diplomatic capacity, e.g. Nuncio, Apostolic Nuncio, Legate, etc who rank as ambassadors, senior in precedence to all ambassadors from secular states.

Well, you did ask!

Yes Deacon - though the status of lay Cardinals changed in 1917 as the Wikipedia article states.

Jason - I don't know if you've ever read a book by Michael Ayrton called Tittivulus Or The Verbiage Collector, but I think you would really enjoy it. It is based on characters from Medieval mystery plays and chronicles the rise of a not very naughty demon called Tittivulus who journeys through history collecting verbiage. What started off as a relatively innocent pastime rapidly grew taking up several floors of hell much to the annoyance of Mephistopheles. The book was written in 1953, so you might struggle to get hold of a copy at a reasonable price, but it has some great ideas in it. If only someone would update it to the present day!