One of the surprising things in G7 is the way the Imperial Coronation Oath is interpretted in very different ways. Does anyone have any insight from other LGDR games or general history which could shed light on the correct interpretation and its implications?
The oath appears to be made up of 5 questions:
Question1: Will you hold and guard by all proper means the sacred faith as handed down to Catholic men?
Question2: Will you be the faithful shield and protector of Holy Church and her servants?
Question3: Will you uphold and recover those rights of the realm and possessions of the Empire that have been unlawfully usurped?
Question4: Will you protect the poor, the fatherless, and the widowed?
Question5: Will you pay due submission to the Roman Pontiff and the Holy Roman Church?
Q1 and 4 seem clear.
Does Q2 mean the oath is broken if an Emperor is at war with another Catholic nation or allies with a Protestant or non-Christian nation?
Does Q5 mean that the Pope can overrule the Emperor?
The hardest question is Q3. The question is not simply "Will you uphold and recover those rights of the realm and possessions of the Empire". If it was then clearly if any state breaks away from the Empire, the Emperor should attack it, and you can't give away bits of the Empire. But the defining clause is "that have been unlawfully usurped". The test would appear to be:
1. Have lands been usurped?
2. Was the usurpation lawful?
Usurp means 'to seize and hold the rights of another without legal authority,' so this is down to who has sovereignty. If say Hannover attacked Brunswick then it is clear that Brunswick's lands have been usurped, that the usurpation was unlawful, and so an obligation exists under the Coronation Oath for the Emperor to force Hannover to restore the rights of Brunswick or reach some form of settlement agreeable to both parties.
But the recurring issue in G7 has been with states wanting to leave the Empire. Can the ruler of a state 'usurp' the lands of that state? Can the ruler of a state behave unlawfully within that state?
In the newspapers from G7 (July-September 1702) several states referred to the Treaty of Westphalia and the consensus appears to be that the Treaty of Westphalia established the sovereignty of individual states within the Empire and limited the Emperor's right to directly rule those states. It was designed not only to stop nations attacking each other within the Empire, but also to stop the Emperor attacking those nations.
If sovereignty rests with the rulers of those states, then any nation which wants to break away from the Empire can do so. A sovereign ruler cannot behave unlawfully against his own people. If this interpretation holds then it appears not to be a breech of the Emperor's Coronation Oath to allow states to break away. However, once a state has broken away there doesn't appear to be any restriction on the Emperor attacking them as there is no restriction on any independent country attacking any other independent country.
Can the Emperor direct states to leave the Empire? If sovereignty rests with the individual state, then on the face of it no. Unless by agreement with that state. It would probably be good manners and certainly lead to fewer misinterpretations if states wanting to leave the Empire had some kind of discussion with the Emperor first, but there doesn't appear to be any necessity for this.
The alternative would be that the Emperor has sovereignty over individual states and so can force nations out or keep them in irrespective of their own wishes. This seems to be against the Treaty of Westphalia and Q3 of the Coronation Oath which only applies if there is an unlawful usurpation.
And of course the other obvious question: does breaking the Coronation Oath have a significant impact in the game anyway?
What do other players think?
The oath appears to be made up of 5 questions:
Question1: Will you hold and guard by all proper means the sacred faith as handed down to Catholic men?
Question2: Will you be the faithful shield and protector of Holy Church and her servants?
Question3: Will you uphold and recover those rights of the realm and possessions of the Empire that have been unlawfully usurped?
Question4: Will you protect the poor, the fatherless, and the widowed?
Question5: Will you pay due submission to the Roman Pontiff and the Holy Roman Church?
Q1 and 4 seem clear.
Does Q2 mean the oath is broken if an Emperor is at war with another Catholic nation or allies with a Protestant or non-Christian nation?
Does Q5 mean that the Pope can overrule the Emperor?
The hardest question is Q3. The question is not simply "Will you uphold and recover those rights of the realm and possessions of the Empire". If it was then clearly if any state breaks away from the Empire, the Emperor should attack it, and you can't give away bits of the Empire. But the defining clause is "that have been unlawfully usurped". The test would appear to be:
1. Have lands been usurped?
2. Was the usurpation lawful?
Usurp means 'to seize and hold the rights of another without legal authority,' so this is down to who has sovereignty. If say Hannover attacked Brunswick then it is clear that Brunswick's lands have been usurped, that the usurpation was unlawful, and so an obligation exists under the Coronation Oath for the Emperor to force Hannover to restore the rights of Brunswick or reach some form of settlement agreeable to both parties.
But the recurring issue in G7 has been with states wanting to leave the Empire. Can the ruler of a state 'usurp' the lands of that state? Can the ruler of a state behave unlawfully within that state?
In the newspapers from G7 (July-September 1702) several states referred to the Treaty of Westphalia and the consensus appears to be that the Treaty of Westphalia established the sovereignty of individual states within the Empire and limited the Emperor's right to directly rule those states. It was designed not only to stop nations attacking each other within the Empire, but also to stop the Emperor attacking those nations.
If sovereignty rests with the rulers of those states, then any nation which wants to break away from the Empire can do so. A sovereign ruler cannot behave unlawfully against his own people. If this interpretation holds then it appears not to be a breech of the Emperor's Coronation Oath to allow states to break away. However, once a state has broken away there doesn't appear to be any restriction on the Emperor attacking them as there is no restriction on any independent country attacking any other independent country.
Can the Emperor direct states to leave the Empire? If sovereignty rests with the individual state, then on the face of it no. Unless by agreement with that state. It would probably be good manners and certainly lead to fewer misinterpretations if states wanting to leave the Empire had some kind of discussion with the Emperor first, but there doesn't appear to be any necessity for this.
The alternative would be that the Emperor has sovereignty over individual states and so can force nations out or keep them in irrespective of their own wishes. This seems to be against the Treaty of Westphalia and Q3 of the Coronation Oath which only applies if there is an unlawful usurpation.
And of course the other obvious question: does breaking the Coronation Oath have a significant impact in the game anyway?
What do other players think?